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Question
Congress passes the National AI Safety Act, authorizing the Secretary of Science and Technology to issue implementing regulations, including definitions of 'critical AI system' and guidelines for risk assessment and incident reporting. Administrative Order S&T-AI-2029 defines 'critical AI system' as any AI system with at least 1 million daily user interactions and mandates annual risk assessments and incident reporting, with penalties for noncompliance. Several tech firms challenge the Order on the ground that it impermissibly delegates essential policy-making to the Executive and lacks intelligible standards. Which of the following is the best assessment of the validity of Administrative Order S&T-AI-2029 under the non-delegation doctrine?